Gigantic pulmonary arteriovenous malformation presenting as recurrent lung infection

The abnormal connection between pulmonary arterial and venous circulation is known as Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation (PAVM). It was first described by Churton in 1897. The presentation varies from incidental findings to shortness of breath, haemoptysis, chest pain, syncope and cyanosis. Patients with hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia are prone to develop PAVM. PAVMs are quite rare, the frequency ranges from 2-3 per 1,00,000 population. Treatment options include surgical intervention and embolisation, the former is now used seldom. The surgical intervention is more invasive than the percutaneous intervention procedure also known as embolotherapy or embolisation. In the present case, we encountered a rare case of a giant PAVM with 13 mm diameter (60.65×35.32 mm in dimensions), where patient presented with fever since two months and vomiting. Considering his symptoms, he was initially suspected as Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) positive. However, his Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) test was reported negative. It was decided to treat him with vascular plug embolisation. A 16 mm Ampletzer vascular plug II was deployed in such a way that it does not occlude the lower branches of Left Pulmonary Artery (LPA). After deploying the vascular plug, the patient was stable and tolerated the procedure well. He was discharged after two days of observation considering his haemodynamic stability.

Tackling the Covid-19 Pandemic in Animal Facilities: ACTREC Perspectives

The Novel Coronavirus outbreak gave learning lesson to the entire world especially about how to fight with the invisible enemy. The scientific community is engaged in exploring the pathogenesis of this Novel disease and inventing the antivirals. At the same time, laboratory animal facility key personnel are busy in carrying out facility operations without compromising the laboratory animal welfare and on-going animal research. In general, every laboratory animal facility establishes the disaster management plan considering the possibility of fire, earthquake, cyclones or flood. Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC) Animal Facility also has well documented disaster plan in place. However, incorporation of preparedness plan against disaster due to pandemic was never thought of. However, with our extensive experience, great team efforts and timely decisions, we could continue facility operations without compromising animal welfare, on-going animal research and health of animal care personnel. It is the need of hour to make a preparedness plan in advance to respond to any kind of such pandemics in the future. We wish to share our experience gained during SARS-CoV-2 pandemics. This data is concerned about us but may be helpful to other animal facilities in India and/ or across the globe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Agricultural Reviews is the property of Agricultural Research Communication Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Healthcare workers novel coronavirus (NCOVID 19) life-threatening situation during the pandemic

Healthcare workers (HCWs) are the professional workers directly acquired infection during this coronavirus outbreak. Coronavirus potentially severe acute respiratory infection caused by nCOVID-19 has been declared by pandemic on 11th March 2020 by Word health organisation (WHO). The pre-vious study has reported high susceptibility of respiratory infection in the HCWs. The HCWs are at increased risk for severe respiratory syndrome coro-navirus infection. The spread of coronavirus became global public health event, threatening physical and Mental Health of HCWs. This study reviews the possible risk factors for being infected HCWs and avoid transmission of infection at the workplace. Spreading the coronavirus day by day is the life-threatening condition for Health care workers during a pandemic. The community should understand the HCW’s increased responsibility during this public health emergency and must provide the necessary social support as well. There should be enough protective and preventive measures for avoid-ing transmission in HCWs. Apart from heavy duties HCWs while using PPEs they also have physical and mental exhaustion along with the fear produced out of risk-specific exposures.

Therapeutic options for COVID – 19: Pandemic – a review

Covid-19 is an outbreak of a severe acute respiratory disorder which emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Since then the virus has spread to many countries and has become and pandemic. The mortality rate of the disease is very high but it varies from country to country depending on the medical facilities and the observance of isolation among the population. As the disease is very contagious many different treatment modalities have been tried. The therapeutic methods which are used are Ayurvedic and homeopathic along with that some Allopathic drugs are also used. Ayurvedic and home-opathy were found to be useful in asymptomatic patients rather than symp-tomatic patients. The drug which is used for treatment is antiviral drugs, pro-tease inhibitors, antimalarial drugs, and neuraminidase inhibitors. But most promising results were obtained by using hydroxychloroquine, thus many countries are using this drug for treatment. Research related to vaccine development is still in progress. but there is still an absence of data regarding the effectiveness of these methods. Clinical trials need to be performed to prove the drug or the measure effective. While the search for a vaccine is still under-way, preventive measures should be taken to curb the chain of infection. This includes the use of face mask, washing hands frequently, at least 1meter dis-tance while in public places. This Literature review summarizes all the measures that have been used for the treatment of COVID 19 pandemic all around the world. © International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences.